Focus On Learner Pronunciation Problems Essay Example for Free

Focus On Learner Pronunciation Problems Essay In Portuguese, R at the beginning of words, at the end of words, or before a consonant is pronounced like H. Many Brazilian students carry this habit into English words, pronouncing â€Å"restaurant† as â€Å"hestaurant† and â€Å"far† as â€Å"fah.† It’s especially common when the English word and the Portuguese word are similar, such as in â€Å"restaurant† and â€Å"regular.† SOLUTION: First, I have my students work on pronouncing the English R sound by itself. I demonstrate the correct mouth position and they imitate me. Then, we work on each word while exaggerating the R sound – so we say rrrrememberrrr, for example. Finally, we practice making that exaggerated R sound shorter and shorter until the student gets used to saying remember with an English R. It feels a little ridiculous, but it works! PROBLEM: Similar words Fortunately, Portuguese and English have a lot of true cognates – words that are similar in both languages, such as area, animal, culture, famous, music, romantic, hamburger, and sports. This makes it easier to remember the vocabulary – but more difficult to remember to pronounce the words â€Å"the English way.† SOLUTION: To show the difference in the sounds, I make comparisons with words that they already know and pronounce well in English – â€Å"The ‘a’ in animal is like the ‘a’ in and,† for example. I also draw attention to syllable stress – popular in English vs. popular in Portuguese. PROBLEM: Final consonants Portuguese doesn’t have letters like D, T, G, P, and K at the end of words, so it’s common for Brazilian students to accidentally add a little vowel sound at the end of English words – so big sounds like bigg-ee and stop becomes stopp-ee. One of the most famous is difficult turning into difficulty which is also an English word, but the first is an adjective and the second is a noun. SOLUTION: I start with words ending in P because they’re the easiest to practice – we practice saying â€Å"stop,† â€Å"help,† and others, and I tell them to keep their lips together for a second at the end, then â€Å"release† them without making an extra sound. Then we move on to â€Å"rock,† â€Å"get,† â€Å"thing,† â€Å"good,† and so on, again, â€Å"holding† the final consonant for a moment before â€Å"releasing† it soundlessly.

Autonomy and Responsibility: The United States involvement in the Persian Gulf :: Essays Papers

Autonomy and Responsibility: The United States' involvement in the Persian Gulf The United States' involvement in the Persian Gulf War showed the responsibility of the country to maintain peace and order, but more importantly, the conflict showed that the United States has a responsibility to oversee control of the world's natural resources. â€Å"On Aug. 2, 1990, Iraqi military forces, on orders from President Saddam Hussein, invaded and occupied the small country of Kuwait.†1 Kuwait, a small country in the Middle East, contains a large amount of oil that Iraq wished to take control of to help solve the economic problems of their country. A very important decision faced the United States, whether or not to risk lives of American soldiers to free Kuwait. By freeing Kuwait, the United States would be able to maintain Kuwait’s control over oil prices in the United States. The United States, fearing Iraqi control of Kuwait’s oil supply, initiated an offensive military action on January 16, 1991, over five months after Iraq’s in itial invasion.2 Thus beginning a conflict known as the Persian Gulf War. The United States, standing â€Å"for law and order and justice,† had a responsibility to free Kuwait after peaceful negotiations failed and the economic future of Kuwait, Iraq, United States, and the rest of the world was in danger pending Iraq’s control of the regions natural resources.3 So that citizens would be peaceful and supportive, the United States' use of military action was justified by the helpless Kuwait citizens and the fear of Iraqi control of oil prices in America. The public opinion on the United States’ responsibility to join the war involved several complex arguments and counter-arguments. One such argument involved the United States being the world’s police force. Since the United States controls most of the world power, many feel as though the United States should maintain order throughout the world. Unfortunately, this maintenance of order is not at a cheap cost. The United States spends billions of dollars to support its military forces and figures increase during war times. This created a huge dilemma among the nations leaders. The cost of war may or may not have been worth the cost of the government being involved in the Persian Gulf War. The government made the tough decision to engage in offensive military actions to free Kuwait on the basis that the price of war was less than the apparent price of allowing Iraq to control Kuwait and their oil supply.

Organizational Effectiveness Essay

The survival of an organization must have the ability to change with the environment. New generations and advanced technology continue to challenge organizations. To completely gain an understanding on the effectiveness of an organization, it is important to identify the three key metrics and provide an example for each. Next, a company will be selected for ineffectiveness and a description of practices that have contributed to the organizations ineffectiveness. The last metric is recognized for the beneficial purpose toward the effectiveness on the organization. Key Metrics and Examples â€Å"Because managers are responsible for utilizing organizational resources in a way that maximizes an organization’s ability to create value, it is important to understand how they evaluate organizational performance† (Jones, 2010, p. 15). The three key metrics for an effective organization are control, innovation, and efficiency. The first key metric is control which is defined as focusing on the customers, stakeholders, and internal and external resources of the organization. The second key metric is innovation which means the recreation or discovery of a new product. During the innovation of a new product, the organization must then look into developing new skills and processes for the employees. The third key metric is efficiency which means to stay on top of competitive products, gaining knowledge of new technology, all in a cost effective and timely manner. An example of control is when management takes the action to secure â€Å"scarce and valued skills and resources from outside the organization† (Jones, 2010, p. 15). To provide an example of innovation from an internal approach, a manager will evaluate an employee’s skills and ask them to invent a creative product based on their customer’s needs. An example of efficiency is  Ã¢â‚¬Å"convert skills and resources efficiently into finished goods and services (technical approach)† (Jones, 2010, p. 15). Ineffective Business and Practices An ineffective business I am familiar with is a county courthouse I worked with for over five years. The practices they were utilizing in their offices was confusing for new hired employees and courtroom staff. Each courtroom judge and their staff ran their office differently so the main district clerk office would have to train their staff various ways pertaining to each judge. Information entered into an old software application was not accurate and documents were stored in folders with mistaken case numbers on some case files. Constituents would often miss their court dates due to lack of written communication because the district clerk staff was not mailing out the forms in the appropriate time. Eventually, the courthouse had to benefit in a new technological approach to become an effective organization. â€Å"The technical approach allows managers to evaluate how efficiently an organization can convert some fixed amount of organizational skills and resources into finished goods and services† (Jones, 2010, p. 17). Metrics to Improve Effectiveness â€Å"Three metrics that are beneficial in measuring technical effectiveness include measuring product quality to be sure it increases, reduce the number of defects, and reducing production costs† (Jones, 2010). In this scenario, the measurement of product efficiency and productivity based on inputs and outputs is a beneficial way to measure effectiveness. Goals should be defined for control, innovation, and efficiency based on the focus of technology and the data exchanged between offices. It is important to increase the completion of files each day with accurate input on a data system. Reducing inaccurate data or misplaced information for courts will also increase the effectiveness of productivity between the court and clerk offices. The reduction of paper is a production cost if the software application is utilized to its full capacity. Conclusion The definition of an organization environment is â€Å"the set of forces and conditions that operate beyond an organization’s boundaries but affect its  ability to acquire and use resources to create value† (Jones, 2010, p. 2). An organization that is willing to reinvent itself as their environment changes will be an effective organization that continues to succeed with their products and value their employees. To measure the effectiveness of an organization, the three metrics must be utilized within the inputs and outputs of processes. A county government office was selected for its ineffective practices but with improvement on the three measurements, the organization has the capability of working in an effective manner that would provide a large amount of revenue after five years. Reference Jones, G. R. (2010). Organizational, Design, Theory, and Change (6th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Analyzing an Advertisement for a Texas Instruments...

Analyzing an Advertisement for a Texas Instruments Calculator Get your own. These words literally speak for themselves when it comes to the Texas Instruments calculator: TI-83+ silver edition. â€Å"Get your own† is the title that appears at the top of the advertisement for the TI-83+ silver edition. The title is reemphasized by a group of teenagers pictured below the title. The teens pictured in the photo are all playfully trying to get their hands on the coveted TI-83+ silver edition-graphing calculator. Directly below the picture of the teens, is a graphic of an enlarged graphing calculator, and displayed on the screen of the calculator is the new phonebook feature. Then, to the right of the graphic are three short phrases that reemphasize†¦show more content†¦Teens, or girls in general read this magazine, and by placing an ad such as this in the magazine would generally boost sales. Another aspect of this ad that would commonly appeal to the teen age group would have been the choice of colors, and the background of the adver tisement. As far as background goes, historical background is also relatively important in the relevance of the TI-83+ silver edition graphing calculator advertisement. Teens have many choices when it comes to graphing calculators, so that is probably why the author chose to include a feature that not all calculators have. The phonebook feature would appeal greatly to the viewer, hence its purpose. This particular feature, the phonebook, would be of importance because in the past no calculator including all other Texas Instruments calculators has offered such a feature. The Texas Instruments advertisement also allows the viewer to make assumptions in relation to the pictures and text displayed on the page. These assumptions could be anything from the approximate cost of the tool, to the pondering of the ray of colors used in the composition of the calculator itself. These different conjectures are made due to the actual composition of the advertisement itself. Then comes the purpose of the advertisement. The advertisement is presented to show the viewer what a unique tool the TI-83+ silver edition is, and what new features are included in the calculator. Another purpose of theShow MoreRelatedPricing Strategy7408 Words   |  30 PagesVariable – For marketers price is the most adjustable of all marketing decisions.   Unlike product and distribution decisions, which can take months or years to change, or some forms of promotion which can be time consuming to alter (e.g., television advertisement), price can be changed very rapidly.   The flexibility of pricing decisions is particularly important in times when the marketer seeks to quickly stimulate demand or respond to competitor price actions.   For instance, a marketer can agree to a fieldRead More_x000C_Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis355457 Words   |  1422 Pagesof Statistical Analyses 61 Activity 2.1 Designing a Sampling Plan 63 Activity 2.2 An Experiment to Test for the Stroop Effect 64 Activity 2.3 McDonald’s and the Next 100 Billion Burgers 64 Activity 2.4 Video Games and Pain Management 65 Graphing Calculator Explorations 69 3 Graphical Methods for Describing Data 75 3.1 Displaying Categorical Data: Comparative Bar Charts and Pie Charts 76 3.2 Displaying Numerical Data: Stem-and-Leaf Displays 87 vii viii ââ€"   Contents 3.3 DisplayingRead MoreMarketing21272 Words   |  86 Pagesorganizational goals, marketing goals, and target markets. 3. 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The Globalization Paradox By Dani Rodrik - 1464 Words

In The Globalization Paradox, Dani Rodrik articulates a reasoned, cohesive argument which calls for the temperament of unbridled, dogmatic globalization as advocated by the current international status quo. The essence of the paradox Rodrik describes is that globalization does indeed offer the opportunity to induce significant growth, but only when the process is done in a manner which takes into account the economic complexities of any specific country. As a clear advocate for the benefits of global trade, he is not by any means promoting a full return to the era of protectionism, but instead calls for a limited inclusion of moderately protectionist policies into sectors of the modern global economy where they may serve the ultimate goal of development. Overall, he believes that hyperglobalization as a whole is a futile goal to achieve, and is pragmatically undesirable anyway. Rodrik describes an impossible trilemma of the global economy, torn between hyperglobalization, the nation- state and democratic politics. Rodrik prefers the sacrifice of hyperglobalization rather than that of the other two, placing particular emphasis on national soverignty.1 He desires to retain the nation-state as an important institution in economic affairs on the basis that too much diversity exists globally, and it is essentially impossible to reconcile different values. The overly homogenizing effect of the WTO, and its assumption of powers traditionally afforded to the state apparatus haveShow MoreRelatedThe Application of Bourdieus Theory to Neoliberal Principles and Practices820 Words   |  3 Pagesdominant fractions are neoliberal conservative think tanks planted in the western modern world organizations for policy making such as IMF, WTO and the World Bank. They impose neoliberal beliefs and practices upon developing nations in the name of globalization. These organizations and developing countries have a political relationship that is acknowledged by both parties, which is the basis that allows symbolic violence to take place. Their policies would be considered capital in this political fieldRead MoreFacets And Trends Of International Economic Cooperation1889 Words   |  8 Pageshuge, frustrating attempts to narrow in on and accurately study a select topic. One commonly observed trend is that of economic globalization, the phenomenon wherein countries’ economic situations, bolstered by increased international economic cooperation, can become significantly dependent on other countries. Despite its seemingly inexorable nature, however, globalization - and international economic cooperation in general - is not a fixed variable in international affairs, nor has it ever been. ManyRead MoreThe Asian Financial Crisis Of 19972364 Words   |  10 Pagesworks of Charles Kindleberger, Krippner, and Dani Rodrik are analyzed and compared. While the crisis has many components that ultimately suggest that conjoined multiple factors are potentially to blame , these authors suggest that specific instances are the main culprit. In essence, Kindleberger states that investor and lender speculation deemed the crisis inevitable, Krippner condemns government policies, while Rodrik suggests that hyper-globalization is to blame. In order to analyze the causesRead MoreCorporate Responsibility And Globalization Of Foreign Trade2525 Words   |  11 PagesINST 4000 Thesis Ximena de la Camara Campuzano Corporate Responsibility and Globalization Liberalization of foreign trade: Some of the biggest issue s in today’s economy is the push for liberalization of foreign trade in developing countries. By compelling nations to modify and ease their trading systems so it can be free from regulations while promoting free trade, only weakens their authority. Trade liberalization needs the reduction of governmental restrictions and intervention so the trade

Happiness. Perhaps The First Emotion We Learned About When

Happiness. Perhaps the first emotion we learned about when we were young, the supposed root and purpose in life of everyone. As an immeasurable, and unprofitable emotion, above all else, it is what most of us attempt to acquire. Many affirm that they are in the pursuit of happiness, yet it s what we all seek. Happiness has become one of those inexplicable topics that everyone wants to debate freely, experience, perceive, and deeply feel. Masses have become famished about this sentiment, claiming to be everlastingly searching for it. Yet, it s hard to grasp. Or perhaps the uncertainty of whether or not we are actually caressing the emotion or if we are pretending to be is what consumes us. True happiness does not deserve to have a†¦show more content†¦Happiness is acquired through countless stimuli that consist of diverse practices. Probabilities demonstrate that what makes me truly happy may be quite distinct from what makes another individual happy. 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Organizational Relationship And Performance -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Organizational Relationship And Performance? Answer: Introducation This essay will determine the role of organisational behaviour (OB) theories in modern corporations and analyse how leaders use these theories to increase employees productivity. In recent years, corporations are facing fierce competition, and they have to implement strategic business policies to gain a competitive advantage over others. The significance of organisational behaviour theories has grown substantially among modern companies since it provides a competitive advantage to firms (Umphress, Bingham and Mitchell, 2010). Organisations implement these policies to address various issues relating to businesses in order to improve the efficiency of their operations. Organisational behaviour theories play a crucial role in establishing a positive working environment which encourages employees to improve their productive performance. This essay will identify various issues in corporations and how leaders can use OB theories to address such problems. Successful leaders and managers use OB theories while performing various business activities which increase companys performance as well as profitability. This essay will discuss how leaders can implement OB theories while performing business practices such as motivating employees, designing jobs, setting goals and others. The essay will discuss the significance of OB theories in modern corporations and provide recommendations for leaders to implement these theories across different processes in a firm which positively influence employees productive performance. Previously, employees were not given importance in a company and leaders did not focus on their requirements or demands while developing business strategies. But, in recent years, the demand for specialised and talented workers has grown substantially, and management focuses on fulfilling their demands. Employees are considered as key asset in companies since productive employees provide a competitive advantage to firms. Highly productive employees are crucial to business success, and leaders implement various strategies to increase their productivity. Organisational behaviour theories assist leaders in effectively managing workplace environment which results in increasing employees productivity (Colquitt et al., 2011). Leaders have to consider various behavioural factors while determining OB theories which assist in establishing a positive working environment. Organisational behaviour studies various activities in a company related to employees and group performance. It assists lead ers in gaining a better understanding of the organisational environment which is necessary to establish effective strategies. There are various benefits of effective OB strategy such as establishment of positive culture, workers skill development, understanding customers behaviour and gaining insight, establishing employee motivation policies, faster decision-making process and others (Walumbwa, Hartnell and Oke, 2010). Leaders have to carefully perform various strategies to get a better understanding of employees attitude and behaviour. By understating employees behaviour, managers can get the best out of employees and increase their productive performance. Establishing positive working environment is one of the primary requirements in modern corporations because they face the issue of high employee retention. Many industries such as technology, software, manufacturing and retailing find it difficult to retain employees for a longer period of time. Due to the high rate of retention, organisation faces various challenges such as high recruitment cost, lack of experienced employees, and negative working environment (Chiang and Hsieh, 2012). Leaders focus on establishing positive working environment throughout the different process to increase employee retention rate and increasing job satisfaction rate. Leaders establish OB theories for communication to improve the working condition of a workplace and implement it throughout different division. Stanley Deetz provided Critical theory of Communication which focus on balancing human and corporate interest. He considered the company as an economic and political institution in which communicat ion plays a crucial part (Deetz, 2012). Communication in this theory focus on resolving conflicts between employees, prevent problems in groups, provide guidance and encourage employees to work towards a single goal. Effective communication can be used to diagnose distorted decision-making process which results in increasing employees productivity and companys performance. Leaders can implement it upon processes across the company by establishing various communication channels which assist employees in sharing their quarries and feedback with top-level management (Myers and Sadaghiani, 2010). Designing organisational jobs based on employees skills and company requirement can improve employees productivity along with corporations profitability. Job design referred to the process of hiring qualified employees for right jobs and providing them a responsibility which challenges them and engages them in their work which results in increasing their job satisfaction. During job design process, managers use job enlargement, rotation, enrichment and simplification techniques to assign right candidate at right post (Shantz et al., 2013). It is difficult for managers to design jobs based on employees qualification and companys requirement which increase job dissatisfaction among employees and result in decreasing companys performance. Leaders can use Fundamental attribution error theory while designing organisational jobs. The theory focuses on focus on employees personality and analyse their actions while overlooking different external factors such as contextual influences and soci al aspects (Dieser, 2011). There are several issues which negatively affects employees performance such as learning problems, not coping with work, motivation issues, lack of communication, and personality problems. Leaders can implement this theory in recruitment and selection process to ensure that qualified candidates are selected whose behaviour is suitable for the company. Managers can implement this strategy across different process by designing jobs based on task requirements and assigning them to qualified employees. In recent years, corporations focus on increasing their employees productivity by motivating them to increase their performance. Leaders focus on analysing and learning about employees behaviour since it results in implementing OB theories that encourage employees productive performance. OB theories allow managers to analyse their employees requirement which assists in motivating them (Pinder, 2014). Traditional theories of employee motivations included carrot and stick approach, reward theory, and fear and punishment theory. Modern motivation theories include Herzberg hygiene theory, McGregor Theory X, and Y, Maslow Hierarchy of needs theory and many others. Modern organisations face issue relating to employees such as high retention, worker absenteeism, job dissatisfaction and others. OB theories assist them in addressing these issues by motivating employees to perform better. Douglas McGregor developed Theory X and Theory Y in the 1960s, and it provides two completely different vi ews on employee motivation (Kopelman, Prottas and Falk, 2010). Theory X provides that employees are lazy and avoid work, and managers require to closely monitoring and supervising them. In this theory, employees are not ambitious about incentive program and avoid organisational responsibilities wherever they can. This theory provides that managers should adopt a natural leadership approach which effectively controls employee performance by threatening and punishing them. Theory Y, on the other hand, provides that employees are self-motivated and ambitious towards their job, and they accept greater organisational responsibilities (Sahin, 2012). Management believes that employees like their job, and they have a desire to be creative in the workplace and given the right conditions, workers will prefer to increase their productive performance. This theory provides that job satisfaction itself is motivation which increases employees productive performance. The co-founder and former CEO of Apple Incorporation, Steve Jobs, used Theory X and Y approach to motivate employees in order to create innovative products (Kannan-Narasimhan, 2015). To implement this theory across different processes, leaders have to analyse employees behaviour in order to ensure that they belong to Theory Y category and implement positive working conditions to increase their job satisfaction which results in increasing their productive performance. According to the study conducted by Turkay (2014), setting small goals can assist people in increasing their performance and achieve desired targets. Therefore, most of the modern corporations implement small goals for their employees to increase their productive performance. The Goal-Setting theory is significantly popular among managers that provided policies for setting effective goals. The goals have to be clear and challenging at the same time; the commitment of employees along with managers is needed. The managers have to collect feedback from employees continuously, and they should analyse task complexity to ensure it is not too difficult for workers (Munson and Consolvo, 2012). Managers can implement this theory throughout different process to increase job satisfaction and enhancing employees productive performance. In conclusion, managers use organisational behaviour theories while performing various business functions such as goal setting, motivation, job designing and others in order to increase employees productive performance. Productive employees provided a competitive advantage to companies which assist in increasing their profitability. Various organisational behaviour theories assist managers in establishing a positive working environment which increases job satisfaction and motivates employees to perform better such as Goal-setting theory, Theory X and Y, Critical theory of communication, Fundamental attribution error and many others. These OB theories assist managers in analysing employees behaviour and attitude to establish a working environment which is suitable for their requirements that result in increasing their productive performance. Following are various recommendations that assist managers in effectively implementing OB theories across different process. The managers should implement OB theories while performing human resource functions such as recruitment, selection, training, and others to ensure that qualified employees are selected who are suitable for companys working environment. 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